半導體光電元件與顯示科技

Introduction to semiconductors: Classification of materials according to electrical conductivity, and the concept of bandgap; temperature dependence of resistivity/conductivity in metals/ semiconductors/insulators

Band diagrams in semiconductors: Origin of band gap in semiconductors; Intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors; Band diagram correlation with electrical conductivity and optical properties; measurement of optical absorption; Determination of band gap by Tauc’s plot

Doping of semiconductors: Concept of n- and p-type doping in semiconductors; Doping methods using ion implantation; Doping depth profiles; the concept of electron and holes; band diagram for n, and p-type semiconductors. Calculation of Fermi level position, activation energy, and electrical conductivity.

p-n junction: Band diagram; charge transport; light absorption/emission; Beer-Lambert law; electrical conduction; calculation of carrier densities, band gap, density of states.

Junction characteristics; Band diagrams/ Homo and heterojunctions: p-n junction optoelectronic properties; Built-in-field; charge transport across homo and heterojunctions.

Photoconductors and photodiodes: Use of photoconductor and photodiodes for photodetection. Explanation of different photodetectors used in spectroscopy; Responsivity, detectivity, quantum efficiency calculation.

Light emitting diodes, Organic LED: Theory; Materials for LEDs; Fabrication of LED; Series Connection with resistors and power supply; light emitting mechanism; injection/quantum/extraction efficiency; calculation of efficiency.

Midterm exam

Solar photovoltaics: Explanation of solar spectrum; Intensity; Basic p-n junction solar cell under illumination and current-voltage characteristics

Solar photovoltaics continued: Calculation of efficiency, fill factor, series, and shunt resistances. Demonstration.

Laser fundamentals: Comparison of spontaneous and stimulated emission; Concept of cavity; Population inversion, Einsteins’A/B coefficient; Cavity, threshold, modes; Spectral comparison of LED and LASER

Laser types: Gas/Crystal/dye/and semiconductor lasers. Degenerate semiconductor; Diode pumped solid state lasers (DPSS); Different laser designs; classes of laser according to optical danger involved.

Liquid crystal display: Concept of the liquid crystal; Materials used; Liquid crystal types (Nematic/Smectic); Ordering parameter definition; polarization of light with LC; Making a simple LC display.

Advanced display and fundamentals: Field emission displays; Operation; Fabrication; Fowler-Nordhein equation.

OLED and Plasma display:Fabrication; electron and hole transport materials; structure of OLED; Fundamentals of plasma generation; Obtaining R, G, and B colours from plasma excitation; Getting white emission.

Final Exam