醫療照護研究法

This is a 2-credit course. This course is conducted mainly with both lectures and class discussion. Upon successfully completing this course, students will be able to: 1. Understand basic knowledge in Health Services Research Methods 2. Explain the relationship between the research question and the research design 3. Identify different types of study designs and their threats to internal and external validity 4. Assess which methodology is most appropriate to evaluate a given research objective or question 5. Perform the essential elements of proposal/manuscript development 6. Critique health services research proposals and academic articles of others.

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Session 2: 1. Cals JW, Kotz D. Effective writing and publishing scientific papers, Part I: How to get started and part III: Introduction. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology. 2013 Jul;66(7):397 and 702 2. Bruce, N. Pope, D. and Stanistreet, D. (2018). “Chapter 1.1: Approaches to Scientific Research” and “Chapter 1.2: Formulating a Research Question” In Quantitative Methods for Health Research: A Practical Interactive Guide to Epidemiology and Statistics. Wiley-Blackwell; 2nd edition 3. Gliner, J.A., Morgan, G.A., and Leech, N.L. (2016). “Chapter 1: Definitions, Purposes, and Dimensions of Research” and “Chapter 3: Variables, Research Questions, and Hypotheses” In Research Methods in Applied Settings: An Integrated Approach to Design and Analysis. 3rd Edition. Routledge. 4. 陳為堅. (2009). 科學論文寫作入門: 寫給初學者的信.台北縣中和市: 金名圖書., 第一章-第三章, 1-24 頁.**** Session 3 1. Brownson RC et al., (2003). “Searching the scientific literature and organizing information.” In Evidence-based Public Health. Oxford: Oxford Press. 2. Hart, C. (2018). “Chapter 1: Research Imagination,” “Chapter 2: The Purpose of Literature Reviewing,” “Chapter 3: Classifying and Reading Research to Review,” “Chapter 6: Evidence, Evaluation, and Critical Realism,” and “Chapter 7: Understanding and Analyzing the Ways Ideas are Organized” In Doing a Literature Review: Releasing the Social Science Research Imagination. 2nd edition, Sage Publications. 3. 陳為堅. (2009). 科學論文寫作入門: 寫給初學者的信.台北縣中和市: 金名圖書., 第四章, 25-36 頁.**** Session 5 (Student Discussion): 1. Zajacova, A. (2006). “Education, gender, and mortality: Does Schooling Have the Same Effect on Mortality for Men and Women in the US?” Social Science and Medicine, 63:2176-2190. 2. Matthews A., et al., (2016). “Impact of Statin Related Media Coverage on Use of Statins: Interrupted Time Series Analysis with UK Primary Care Data.” BMJ, 353:i.3283. 3. Beaulieu, N.D., et al., (2020). “Changes in Quality of Care after Hospital Mergers and Acquisitions.” N Engl J Med 2020;382:51-59. 4. Eisenberg, M.D., et al., (2022) “Association of Direct-to-Consumer Advertising of Prescription Drugs with Consumer Health-Related Intentions and Beliefs Among Individuals at Risk of Cardiovascular Disease.” JAMA Health Forum, 3(8): e222570. 5. Pack, et al., (2024). “Optimizing Telehealth Services: A Mixed-Methods Needs Assessment Conducted among Community Health Center Patients.” Medical Care, 62(1):p 30-36. 6. Moustgaard, H., et al., (2025). “Childhood Family Income and Medication Use in Youth.” Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 79: 424-430. Session 8: 1. Korn, E. L., and Graubard, B. I. (1991). “Epidemiologic studies utilizing surveys: accounting for the sampling design.” American Journal of Public Health, 81(9), 1166-1173. 2. Hinkin TR. A brief tutorial on the development of measures for use in survey questionnaires. Organizational Research Methods, 1998: 1(1): 104-121 3. Lu Ann Aday and Llewellyn J. Cornelius. (2006). Designing and conducting health surveys. A comprehensive Guide. 3rd edition. Lossey-Bass Publishers. Chapter VIII & XII. 4. Turner, C.F., et al. (1998) “Adolescent sexual behavior, drug use, and violence: Increased Reporting with computer survey technology.” Science, 280:867-873. 5. Watson, L.F., et al. (2007) “Research interviewers’ experience in the Early Briths study of very preterm birth: qualitative assessment of data collection processes in a case-control study.” Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol, 21:87-94. 6. McNeeley S. (2012). Sensitive Issues in Surveys: Reducing Refusals While Increasing Reliability and Quality of Responses to Sensitive Survey Items. L. Gideon (ed.), Handbook of Survey Methodology for the Social Sciences, Springer Verlag. Session 9: 1. Bruce, N. et al., (2018). “Chapter 2: Routine Data Sources and Descriptive Epidemiology” In Quantitative Methods for Health Research: A Practical Interactive Guide to Epidemiology and Statistics. Wiley-Blackwell; 2nd edition. 2. Hsing, A.W. et al. (2015) “Nationwide Population Science: Lessons from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database.” JAMA Intern Med, Published online July 20, 2015. Session 10-11: 1. Blettner, M. et al., (2001). “Critical reading of epidemiological paper.” European Journal of Public Health, 11(1): 97-101. 2. Gliner, J.A., Morgan, G.A., and Leech, N.L. (2016). Research Methods in Applied Settings: An Integrated Approach to Design and Analysis. 3rd Edition. Routledge. Chapter 4- Chapter 9. 3. Cals JW, Kotz D. Effective writing and publishing scientific papers, Part IV: Methods. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology. 2013 Jul;66(7):817 4. Rothman K.J. (2014). “Six persistent research misconceptions.” J Gen Intern Med, 29(7):1060–4 5. 陳為堅. (2009). 科學論文寫作入門: 寫給初學者的信.台北縣中和市: 金名圖書., 第五章-第九章, 37-59 頁.**** 6. Cals JW, Kotz D. Effective writing and publishing scientific papers, Part V: Results, part VI: Discussions, and Part VII: Tables and Figures. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology. 2013 Jul;66(7):945, 1064 and 1197 7. Gliner, J.A., Morgan, G.A., and Leech, N.L. (2016). Research Methods in Applied Settings: An Integrated Approach to Design and Analysis. 3rd Edition. Routledge, NY., Chapter 23- Chapter 24. 8. 陳為堅. (2009). 科學論文寫作入門:寫給初學者的信.台北縣中和市: 金名圖書., 第六章-第九章, 61-148 頁.**** Optional: 1. Bell, CM and Redelmeier DA. (2001) “Mortality among patients admitted to hospitals on weekends as compared with weekdays.” N Engl J Med, 345(9):663-668. 2. Baron, R.M., and Kenny, D.A. (1986). “The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic and statistical consideration.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6): 1173-1182. 3. Galea, S. et al., (2010). “Causal thinking and complex system approaches in epidemiology.” International Journal of Epidemiology, 39:97-106 Session 12: 1. 安奈特．拉蘿 (2024). 傾聽的技藝：帶你做訪談、參與觀察、分析資料，還能寫出內容來..游擊文化 Session 13-14 (Student Discussion): 1. Matthews A., et al., (2016). “Impact of statin related media coverage on use of statins: interrupted time series analysis with UK primary care data.” BMJ, 353:i.3283. 2. Beaulieu, N.D., et al., (2020). “Changes in Quality of Care after Hospital Mergers and Acquisitions.” N Engl J Med 2020;382:51-59. 3. Eisenberg, M.D., et al., (2022) “Association of Direct-to-Consumer Advertising of Prescription Drugs with Consumer Health-Related Intentions and Beliefs Among Individuals at Risk of Cardiovascular Disease.” JAMA Health Forum, 3(8): e222570 4. Pack, et al., (2024). “Optimizing Telehealth Services: A Mixed-Methods Needs Assessment Conducted among Community Health Center Patients.” Medical Care, Medical Care 62(1):p 30-36. 5. Moustgaard, H., et al., (2025). “Childhood Family Income and Medication Use in Youth.” Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 79: 424-430.

Grading: One mid-term presentation 20% Final presentation 40% Student Discussions: Critiquing others' work 30% Participation & Attendance 10%

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1. Gliner, J.A., Morgan, G.A., and Leech, N.L. (2016). Research Methods in Applied Settings: An Integrated Approach to Design and Analysis. 3rd Edition. Routledge. 2. Bruce, N. Pope, D. and Stanistreet, D. (2018) Quantitative Methods for Health Research: A Practical Interactive Guide to Epidemiology and Statistics. Wiley-Blackwell; 2nd edition 3. Lu Ann Aday and Llewellyn J. Cornelius (2006). Designing and conducting health surveys: A comprehensive Guide. Jossey-Bass; 3rd edition 4. Chris Hart (2018). Doing a Literature Review: Releasing the Social Science Research Imagination. SAGE Publications Ltd; Second edition 5. 陳為堅 (2009). 科學論文寫作入門. 金名圖書有限公司。

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